Electric railways use either electric locomotives hauling passengers or freight in separate cars or electric multiple units passenger cars with their own motors. Motion study not included but it can be added to the assembly. By electric traction is meant locomotion in which the driving or tractive force is obtained from electric motors. Or electric traction means a locomotion in which the driving force is obtained from electric motors. Nov 30, 2015 the electric traction system is the most efficient of all other traction system such as steam and internal combustion ic engine type systems. Pdf pantograph arcing is a common phenomenon in electrified railway systems. Pantograph is an apparatus which mounted on the roof of electric train to collect power through with an overhead tension wire. The principal components of a pantograph are a main frame, an arm, a pantograph head and a drive. Electric traction has many advantages as compared to other nonelectrical systems of traction including steam traction. The fast charging system delivers 300 kw dc output power and will recharge a battery in three. Electric traction was introduced on indian railways in year 1925 on 1. Railway technology systems suburban rail, metro and rapid transit examples of special solutions current collector designs in which the swinging link can be swung out of the minimum clearance outline current collector with electric motor drive for a hybrid tram car current collector with hydraulic actuation current collector with integrated. The alt positions allow the dc pantograph to be used for ac traction or the ac pantograph to be used for dc traction, in case of damage to one or the other pantograph.
The pantograph is a system mounted at the top of the trains that collects power from overhead tension wires figures 2, 3, and 4. Electric traction 1701 however, the steam locomotive suffers from the following disadvantages. The pantograph of locomotive or electric multiple unit is lowered at the failed tss to avoid short circuiting the phases at the insulated over lap. We have been part of the fandstan electric group since 1984 a private holding company with subsidiaries in great britain, the. Edn electric rail traction systems need specialized power. Apr 29, 2018 third rails and overhead electric wires are the main power solutions for electric railways traction power. The book examines application techniques for system design, construction and maintenance, and includes. Ppt electric traction powerpoint presentation free to. Pdf electric traction and protection of pantograph using. This paper present the events that bring about the todays electric traction system and pantograph protection technique. The drive which uses the electric power for moving forward, such type of drive is called an electric traction drive. Act of drawing or state of being drawn propulsion of vehicle is called tractions. A pantograph apparatus for an electric locomotive is provided that possess two degrees of freedom, a vertical motion similar to that of the conventional pantograph apparatus and a unique lateral motion without any longitudinal component that permits the collector head to track an overhead conductor independently of the position of the overhead conductor relative to the track centerline. An electric locomotive is a locomotive powered by electricity from overhead lines, a third rail or onboard energy storage such as a battery or a supercapacitor.
The supply to the electric traction can be given mainly in two ways. Electric traction and signalling joint engineering. The main parts of electric traction system are locomotive pantograph, circuit breaker, transformer, rectifier, dc link, main inverter, auxiliary inverter, axle brush. The pantograph was an improvement on the simple trolley pole, which prevailed up to that time, primarily because it allowed an electricrail vehicle to travel at higher speeds without losing contact with the catenary. The pantograph of electric locomotive 3d electro locomotiv, formats include max, ready for 3d animation and other 3d projects. Speed time, distance time and simplified speedtime curves, attractive effort for acceleration and propulsion, effective weight, train resistance, adhesive weight, specific energy output and consumption. There are various systems of traction prevailing in our country such as steam engine drive, electric drive. A railway electrification system supplies electric power to railway trains and trams without an onboard prime mover or local fuel supply. The horizontal end piece of the pantograph is called head. Us6294886b1 supply system for an electric traction. The most common type of pantograph today is the so called halfpantograph. The worlds first ac locomotive in valtelina, northern italy 18981902. Nov 29, 2017 for diploma in electrical engineering.
Pantograph and contact line system highspeed railway. Electric traction system main free download as powerpoint presentation. Nowadays, electric traction is most widely used in all countries because electric traction has many advantages compared to diesel engine trains such as reduce pollution, reduce noise, etc. System of electric traction mechanics of train movement.
The pantograph catenary elastic contact formulation employed in this study allows for separation between the pantograph panhead and the contact wire, and accounts for the effect of friction due to. Qingquan qian, in pantograph and contact line system, 2018. Introduction there is a wide variety of electric traction systems around the world, which have been built according to the type of railway, its location and the technology available at the time of the installation. This book is a reproduction of that original, which has been scanned and cleaned by stateoftheart publishing tools. Electric traction and protection of pantograph using modern. Third rails and overhead electric wires are the main power solutions for electric railways traction power.
The 106km valtellina line was opened on 4 september 1902. Supply system for an electric traction vehicle equipped with electric traction motors m 1 to m 4 supplied by a traction system and pantograph means 2 for connecting the traction system 1 to a catenary 3, characterized in that it furthermore comprises in combination, an autonomous supply device carried on board a vehicle and including a kinetic accumulation of energy system 5. Battery electric buses are charged at charging stations. Edn electric rail traction systems need specialized. Pantograph is a set of articulated arms fixed to the roof of the engine. It offers several benefits over other systems, including quick start and stop, very efficient, pollution free, easy to handle and easy speed control. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Typically, a single or double wire is used, with the return current running through the rails. Us5124510a tracking pantograph for railway electrification. There are many other voltage systems used for railway electrification systems around the world, and the list of current systems for electric rail traction covers both standard voltage and nonstandard voltage systems. The pantographcatenary elastic contact formulation employed in this study allows for separation between the pantograph panhead and the contact wire, and accounts for the effect of friction due to. Pantograph and contact line system comprehensively introduces pantographs, contact lines and their interactions in many areas including geometrics, dynamics, materials, and electrics.
It is used in electric trains, tramcars, trolley buses and diesel electric vehicles etc. Pantograph and contact line system would be useful to our readers who are interested in catenary and pantograph related areas, such as college teachers and students, researchers, and other professionals involved in that design, manufacture, construction, operation, and maintenance of pantographs and catenary systems. Dell sensorbased timedependent formation factor in prediction of chloride ingress in mortar. Electric traction and protection of pantograph using. Electric traction rail transport alternating current. Basically, an electric traction system is a system. Oppcharge inverted pantograph the inverted pantograph connects to a basic rail interface located on the roof of the bus. Railway technology systems index 001 002 company stemmanntechnik. Pdf download contact lines for electric railways free. Ppt electric traction system powerpoint presentation. Supply electricity without interruption to the pantograph of traction vehicles.
Pdf electrical characteristics of pantograph arcs in dc. The permissible range of voltages allowed for the standardised voltages is as stated in standards bs en 50163 and iec 60850. A good contact between the pantograph and catenary is critically important for the working reliability of electric trains, while the basic understanding on the electrical contact evolution during. Pantograph and contact line system comprehensively introduces pantographs, contact lines and their interactions in many areas including geometrics, dynamics, materials, and electricshelpful to understanding the basic theories of interaction between pantographs and contact lines. They are perfectly suited for single traction, double traction or multitraction. Jun 27, 20 electric traction the system which use electrical power for traction system i. Electric traction system 1 electric traction system presented by amit raj roll no. At each traction substation, normally two single phase transformers are installed, one which is in service and the other is 100% stand by. Dc traction motors, which have been in use for a long time, are being replaced by ac motors.
Kelvin lam analysis on pantographs pantograph and traction control introduction to electric tractions summer 2015 19102015 1 2. In the uk, the pantographs brecknell willis, stone faiveley etc. The pantograph was an improvement on the simple trolley pole, which prevailed up to that time, primarily because it allowed an electric rail vehicle to travel at higher speeds without losing contact with the catenary. Electric traction the system which use electrical power for traction system i. Pantograph and contact line systems, as electric energy transmission media of traction substations and power traction units, should provide safe and reliable power transmission for stationary power consumption by the auxiliary facility of vehicle, living facility, and for mobile power consumption by the traction vehicle. Electric traction system of any country reflects the development of it. The dc pantograph has two shoes and is thicker in its contact area than the ac pantograph because it has to carry a larger current corresponding to the lower voltage. Chapter one first pantograph second main circuit breaker pantograph effect electric traction power from the catenary to. Electricity is typically generated in large and relatively efficient generating stations.
Apr 24, 2017 pantograph is a set of articulated arms fixed to the roof of the engine. The most common type of pantograph today is the so called half pantograph. Technical criteria for the interaction between pantograph and overhead line to achieve free access. Its role is to transfer power from the contact line to the electric traction unit. Advantages of electric traction transport due to their pollutionfree. Model of a pantograph used is electric traction railway applications for taking power from overhead ht wires.
Power collection via the overhead line and pantograph, introduced nearly 100 years ago early in the history of electric railways, remains basically unchanged in. For the positivefed overhead traction system, where pantograph is cathode. Ppt electric traction system powerpoint presentation free. Pdf pantograph arcing in electrified railwaysmechanism and.
Types of pantographs and principal mechanism the pantograph is an integral part of the emu used to collect current from the overtraditional diamondshaped pantograph jr east singlearm pantograph jr east head line. As seen, power at 25 kv is taken via a pantograph from the overhead contact wire and fed. Railway applications current collection systems technical criteria for the interaction between pantograph and overhead contactline to achieve free access pdf. Pdf electric traction and protection of pantograph using modern.
In railway traction power supply system, the match between pantograph and contact lines is critical for reliable power transfer. Electric locomotive in hindi electric traction youtube. Parts folder included, define their path in file opening window via references tab. Typically a single wire is used with the return current running through the track.
Lionel gg1 electric locomotive owners manual 718354250 305 system featuring and do not attempt to raise or lower the pantographs by hand. One of the major application of an electric drive is to transport men and materials from one place to another. How electric train gets an electric supply electric. Electric traction system main locomotives rail transport.
Electric traction will continue to play a dominant role in the railway since it is an. T railway technology today 4 edited by kanji wako what. A book for students, electrical and mechanical engineers, superintendents of motive power and others by edward parris burch, first published in 1911, is a rare manuscript, the original residing in one of the great libraries of the world. A pantograph is a system of articulated arms fixed on the roof of the locomotive. Review of characteristics of different types of dc and ac motors used traction and their suitability moduleiv 10 hours rating and heating of electric drives, power loss, heating and cooling of motors, classes and duty and selection of motors, drives for specific application like steel, paper, textile mills. Feb 05, 2018 an electric locomotive is a locomotive powered by electricity from overhead lines, a third rail or onboard energy storage such as a battery or a supercapacitor. A pantograph or pan, or panto is an apparatus mounted on the roof of an electric train, tram or electric bus to collect power through contact with an overhead line. The book examines application techniques for system design, construction and maintenance, and includes suggestions to keep pantograph and contact lines working in a safe and stable manner over the long term.
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